Kazakhstan Considers Alternative Routes for Black Sea Oil Exports Amid Drone Strike Threats

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Kazakhstan's Ministry of Energy announced it is evaluating alternative export routes for crude oil due to ongoing threats to shipments from the Russian Black Sea port of Novorossiysk. The country is considering the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline system, shipments across the Caspian Sea through Azerbaijan, and the Baku-Supsa route to re-route part of its crude oil exports away from its Black Sea terminal.