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U.S. Considers 18th-Century Prize Law to Seize and Sell Iranian Oil

August 29, 2026

Source Summary

The U.S. Justice Department and Pentagon are exploring the use of prize law, a historical wartime maritime mechanism, to seize and sell Iranian oil and ships captured during a blockade. Prize law historically allowed courts to determine whether vessels and cargo captured during armed conflict could become U.S. property. The system was once common in naval warfare but has been largely unused for generations.

Why it matters

The potential use of prize law represents a significant shift in how the U.S. may enforce sanctions against Iran by reviving a dormant legal mechanism to legitimize seizure and sale of Iranian assets.

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